熟女五花

「M君TRIANGLE很強唷！是他的絕技。」

「RONDA ROUSY最愛做ARMBAR，明知道她要做ARMBAR，就是擋不住也逃不掉。」

「A某非常擅長CLOSE GUARD，千萬別被拉進去。」

「T君喜歡搶背做裸絞，一讓他繞過去，就等於輸了。」

不管色帶；不管參賽經驗，只要是練柔術的朋友，

都會慢慢培養出自己慣用且拿手的降伏技，並且慢慢發展出個人特色。

不知道大家喜歡又常用的大絕招是哪些？

猜猜看BJJ界最常用的又是哪些降伏技呢？

[以下為翻譯文章，如有任何疑問，可直接聯繫原文作者唷！]

原文出處：http://www.grapplearts.com/Blog/2013/03/best-bjj-submissions/

*** 巴西柔術最強降伏技大揭曉 ***

The Best BJJ Submissions Revealed

原PO & 原作者: Posted on March 19, 2013 by Stephan Kesting40

在巴柔中，什麼是最強的降伏技呢？嗯嗯…這真的是個好問題。

但第一個問題應該是先來定義所謂的「最強」到底是多強？

在開始進入本文與統計數字之前，我們應該都認同在寢技界中，

有成千上萬種不同的降伏技，而不是所有技巧都會很常見。

有些降伏技是每次練習都會看得到的，

而有些則是需要時間剛好又有一點緣份才能看到的降伏技。

What’s the best submission in BJJ? Wow, that’s a tough question!  And the first problem is trying to define what we mean by the word ‘best’…

Before we get into semantics and statistics let’s start by agreeing that there are a million different submissions in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and Submission Grappling, and that not all of these techniques were created equal.  

Some submissions you see on the mats almost every night, and others are more of a once-in-a-lifetime-and-only-on-a-heavily-medicated-opponent kind of deal…

好啦！很明顯，有些降伏技的確是較常被使用，

但我們該如何去衡量哪一個技巧最常見又實用？

在回答「什麼是最強降伏技」之前，

我們應該問：「在UFC中，哪些是最有效率的降伏技？」

可能有些人看過類似這些統計數據，

尤其是關於綜合格鬥的數據。(例如：請點我)。

你會發現這些數據結果很有趣，但它們只代表了綜合格鬥運動員的比賽環境。

比如他們不穿道袍，可出地板拳，又沒有充裕的時間可以在地板上戰鬥。

因此這些綜合格鬥的分析並不能完全代表柔術比賽中會發生的事情。

OK, so some submissions work more often than others – that’s pretty obvious.  But how do we actually measure which techniques are rocking it on a regular basis in BJJ class?

To get a handle on the best submission we could ask ‘what are the most effective submission in the UFC?‘

People HAVE looked at those statistics, especially in MMA (for an example of this click here).  

These results are definitely interesting, but they also represent what’s happening for elite athletes not wearing a gi, punching each other in the head,

and without a whole lot of time on the ground to work for submissions.  

And so these MMA-based breakdowns may not be representative of what’s happening on the mats of your average BJJ school…

這樣好了，我們改問：

「在MUNDIALS(註1*)比賽中的黑帶組，最常用的降伏技是什麼呢？」

這樣一來，對於「最強降伏技」的答案也越來越接近了。

儘管網路上已有一些有趣的「高等巴柔分析」文章，

但還是不夠貼切我們所欲追求的結論。

(註1*) 世界柔術錦標賽(俗稱MUNDIALS)，是為巴西柔術中最富盛名的世界級比賽。

更多(英文版)詳細資料請見http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Jiu-Jitsu_Championship

The World Jiu-Jitsu Championship (commonly known as Mundials) is the most prestigious Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) tournament in the world.

Or we could ask ‘what are the highest percentage submission in the black belt division of the Mundials?’

This might be getting a little closer to answering the question of what’s the best BJJ submission.

And while there have been some very interesting analyses of high level BJJ competition there are still some flaws with this approach…

首先，只有非常少數的柔術家才會達到黑帶資格參加MUNDIALS黑帶組的比賽。

問那些頂尖選手什麼招式最厲害，

就等於問一個開戰鬥機的飛行員如何以最快時間飛去美國。

並不是每個飛行員都可以開戰鬥機。所以並不是每個人都能有黑帶選手的能耐。

First of all, only a tiny, tiny percentage of BJJ practitioners are every going to compete in the black belt division of the Mundials.  

And maybe asking what works in gold medal matches at the Mundials is a bit like asking a jet fighter pilot what the best way to get from New York to Boston is:

he might tell you it’s to break the sound barrier in an F-35 Lightning II, which might not be an option for everybody.

到底該怎麼更貼切的去定義何謂「最強」呢？

其實我們可以改問何謂「最實用又常見」的降伏技。

UfC裡面看到的每一種降伏，在BJJ道館裡就會發生上千次。

拍(投降)沒什麼大不了的。每個人都會拍，只是時候未到。

做調查時，不該忽略學柔術的普通人（上班族，家長等）。

這樣才能更清楚地了解這些多數人對柔術的感受。

Another way to define ‘best’ is to ask what works most often for the most people.

For every single tap out in the UFC there are thousands of practitioners tapping out in BJJ schools and garage clubs every day.  

I didn’t think it was fair that these ‘regular’ BJJ’ers were being ignored,

and that maybe crowd-sourcing this question might give us a better picture of what’s going on for ‘regular’ people training in BJJ.

所以我最近在這個網站：the Grapplearts Facebook page 上，

問了下列問題以供資料收集:

「什麼是你最愛用的巴柔必殺降伏技呢? 並請告知1.名稱2.從哪個姿勢起始的？」

And so I recently asked the following question on the Grapplearts Facebook page

Doing a little survey here… What technique is your most reliable and most effective submission in BJJ?

Tell me 1) the submission name, and 2) which position you apply it from.

此問題一出，果然引起熱烈的討論與迴響，

數以萬計的網友們紛紛分享他們心中最有效的降伏技感想，

我(原作者)也收到不少的針對此議題的電子郵件。

Well this question created quite a bit of buzz.  Tons and tons of people responded with their most effective submissions,

and I also received quite a few emails on this topic as well.

儘管還是有很多網友們繼續回應討論他們最愛的降伏技，

但該是時候統計樣本、製做數據圖，並分享給各位了。

以下為533位回應者回覆中，所得到的統計結果：

Even though people are still posting their favorite submissions at some point I had to draw a line in the sand, tabulate the results, and share them with you. 

Check out the infographic below based on the first 533 responses:   

掌聲鼓勵鼓勵！！！

「全防禦-三角鎖 (triangle choke from guard)」輕鬆獲得壓倒性勝利。

這也可能是為什麼眾多巴柔道館的標誌都是以三角型設計為主。

Drumroll please!  The hands-down winner is the triangle choke from guard.  

Maybe that’s why so many BJJ schools use the triangle choke in their school symbol.

其實這結論不怎麼令人意外，試著想像一下，

將兩個最有力的四肢強架在對手的脖子，像是要了對方的命的用力擠壓，

理所當然全防禦-三角鎖 (triangle choke from guard)在各種降伏技中脫穎而出。

This shouldn’t be too surprising really; you’re putting your two most powerful limbs in strong anatomical position around your opponent’s neck

and squeezing the life out of him – of course this is going to be a high-percentage technique!

假設先不論起始的位置、只管降伏技招式，用同樣的問卷來普查，

降伏技榜首則是「腕十字固(the armbar)」。

其實這也沒甚麼好驚訝的，這些年來，

我(原作者)用腕十字固(the armbar)降伏對手過上千上百次，相信你們也是。

If you took this same data, ignored the starting position, and only focused on the final submission itself then the armbar would pull ahead into top position.  

Again, not too surprising: I’ve tapped out to hundreds and hundreds of armbars over the years and I’m sure you have too…

讓人較為訝異的是「全防禦-木村鎖(the Kimura from guard)」竟然落居第三名。

最初我(原作者)的預測是側壓-木村鎖(the Kimura from sidemount)比全防禦-木村鎖(the Kimura from guard)排名更高，

由此看來，木村鎖(the Kimura) 不管在哪個壓制位置，都是受歡迎的常用降伏技。

I did find it surprising was that the Kimura from guard made it into the number three position.  

I had initially predicted that the finishing percentage for the Kimura would be much higher from sidemount than from guard,

but apparently this technique is popular and effective for people regardless of whether they’re on the top of the bottom.

另外一個令人比較不解的地方是，

大多數喜歡做腿部固定(leglocks)的人傾向於不講明是從哪個位置起始的，

這個問題使的本研究缺乏精準的判斷與數據，為了避免混淆，

所以我(原作者)決定將腿部固定(leglocks)分成兩個大類：足關(footlocks) & 膝部固定(kneebars)。

Another weird thing was that people who liked leglocks tended not to say which position they applied them.

I know it makes a hash of the scientific rigor of this ‘study’ but to deal with the lack of positional data for leglocks I decided to

lump leglocks into two broad categories (footlocks and kneebars) rather than ignore them altogether.

如果你想與你的練習夥伴們分享這篇文章，提供以下方式給您，

其中，最簡單的方式就是FACEBOOK、Twitter 或者Google +，

在本文的最上、最下方分別有連結可點選唷！其他的方式為：

• Here’s the raw data from the original Facebook poll and asking readers about their most effective, most reliable submission –

可依照個人需求，自行重新分析唷！

please feel free to reanalyze it any way you see fit!

• Here’s the Best BJJ Submissions graphic on Facebook
• Here’s The Best BJJ Submissions graphic on Infogram 

我(原作者)愛用的圖表制做的聯結

which is the program I used to create the infographic.

Let me give you some options if you want to share this graphic with your training partners.  

The easiest way is to hit the Facebook, Twitter or Google + buttons at the top and bottom of this post.  But here are some more options for you:

• Here’s the raw data from the original Facebook poll and asking readers about their most effective, most reliable submission - please feel free to reanalyze it any way you      see fit!
• Here’s the Best BJJ Submissions graphic on Facebook
• Here’s The Best BJJ Submissions graphic on Infogram which is the program I used to create      the infographic.

最後，這個降伏技投票最有意思的部分，就是充分顯示了「多元化」。

但也不用因為自己不是三角鎖或腕十字固的愛用者而感到沮喪，

最好的降伏技隨者每個人的等級、技術、體型與風格而有所不同。

Finally I think the best part of this whole polling exercise is that it revealed so much diversity between practitioners.

The fact that there is a long tail in the results means that you shouldn’t get discouraged if you’re not a triangle choke and armbar kind of fighter.  

There are lots of submissions that people make work, and – more importantly – there’s ’best’ technique for every skill level, body type, and style of game.

最後~祝大家訓練愉快

Good luck with your training!

原文作者：Stephan Kesting
原文源自：Grapplearts.com